Research and Inspiration A16

Brainstorming

• 35,000 Years ago - 1980's
• Evolution timeline

Inspiration

• The stepping stones of each time period
• Computer, new forms of painting, typewriter
• Winding path
• Pictures for major events 

33,000 BCE - Paintings in caves can be dated back to these times.

3,000 BCE - Cuneiform is created by the Summerians, first written language

-Hieroglyphics are created by the Egyptians
-Rosetta Stone is made to translate the 3 languages: Ancient Egyptian, Demotic, and Greek
-Jean Francois Champollion translates the stone to French


1,050 BCE - Phoenician Alphabet is created
                       -Every sign has one spoken sound each


1st century AD - Codex is created, first step into improved forms of writing
-Illuminated manuscript is created, A illustration added to each page of text.


1450 AD - Movable text is created by Johannes Gutenberg,
-Printing press is created for faster and cheaper ways to make books and newspapers.


1886 AD - James O. Clephane invents the type writer
Linotype machine is created, made to be faster than the typewriter


1839 - 1960s AD - Camera obscura is created, first step into photography
Motion picture is created by Eadweard Muybridge. 


1930's - 1980's AD - Abacus is created, first computer
First mouse is created by Englebart
Internet is created by Metcalf and Xerox
Apple and IBM are founded 
GUI is created


1990's AD - Oldest cave painting is found in 1994 by 3 speleologists

"Early Computers | 1930s - 1980s AD"

What is an abacus?
The first computer that was ever created.



1936,  Zuse invented this type of computer?
He created the first programmable computerPost a photo of the 1944 Mark Computer.


In 1944, Aiken and Hopper designed the Mark Series of computers to be used for what?
They were mend to be used for gunnery and ballistic calculations.Post a photo of the UNIVAC Computer.



In 1951, Eckert and Mauchly designed the first commercial computer for whom? 
The census bureau


What does UNIVAC stand for?
Universal Automatic Computer



In 1953, IBM enters the scene. What does IBM stand for?
International Business Machine

What is FORTRAN?
The first successful high level programming language.


Post a photo of the first mouse.
In 1964, how did Engelbart change the way computers worked?
He made them so that they are more user-friendly.

What is the significance of ARPnet?
It was the first internet.

In 1971, Intel introduced this? 

They introduced the first single chip microprocessor.
Post a photo of it.

In the same year, IBM introduced this? Post a photo of one.
They introduced the first floppy disk.

In 1973, Metcalf and Xerox created this?
The first ethernet computer network.

During the next several years, the first consumer computers were marketed. 

The scelbi mark-8, Altiar, Apple l, Apple ll, TRS-80, Commodore PET.
Post photos of the Altair, Apple I, Apple II, TRS-80, Commodore PET. Label each.

In 1981, Bill Gates and Microsoft introduced this package?
The MS-DOS computer operating system which was packages with the IBM PCPost a photo of the Lisa computer.

In 1983, who introduced the Lisa computer?
Apple


What is GUI?GUI stands for graphical use interface, it is a interface that is the make up of a computer.

Post a photo of the computer mentioned below.


In 1984, a more affordable home computer was introduced. Name the computer and the company that marketed it? The computer was called the Apple Macintosh Computer and it was made by Apple

The commercial only ran one time. When?
The commercial was aired during the super bowl.

In response to the Apple GUI, Gates and Microsoft introduced this?
They introduced the Windows Operating System.

Two men are known for their development of the Apple I computer. Who are they?
Steven Wozniak and Steve Jobs

When was the internet that we know, world wide web, developed and introduced?
It was developed in the 1950's

Over the years, Apple has included "easter eggs" within their software. What is an "easter egg"?
A hidden object that is not told about ad left to be found.

Search for easter eggs in Photoshop and Illustrator. List a few in this post ... and try to find them in the applications.
The belching cat in CS4Seagull and Crate
Merlin
Where do you think computers will take us in the next 10 years?
They will be even more portable than now and have functions that would have never been thought to happen.

"Photography | 1839 - 1960s AD"

Until the 1880s, how were news stories illustrated?They could only publish from engravings or woodcuts.


What is a camera obscura?
A way to observe light

Post an example of a camera obscura.


How did scholars and artists utilize the camera obscure?
It was used for safe observation of solar eclipses and phases of a moon.

From where did the photographic camera develop?
It came from the portable box.

Who first used the term "photography"? Where was is derived from?
Sir John Hershel, it is derived from the Greek words light and writing.

Post an the first photograph.  


Who is credited with making the first successful photograph?Joseph Niepce was the first one to make a successful photograph.

Post an example of a Daguerreotype image.

Who invented the Daguerreotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Louis Daguerre, it reduced exposure time, but expensive.

Post an example of a Calotype image. 
Who invented the Calotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
William Fox Talbot, unlimited amount of duplicates can be created, but bad quality.

Post an example of a Wet Collodion Process image. 
Who invented the Wet Collodion process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Frederick Scott Archer, very quick exposure time, cheap, but all the equipment needed to be portable.

Post an example of a Dry Plate Process image. 
Who invented the Dry Plate process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Richard Maddox, The equipment didn't have to be portable, very complicated.

Who is George Eastman? What company did he establish? 
He invented roll film and made photography accessible to all.

Post an example of The Kodak Camera from 1888.
In 1888, he produced a camera that use his flexible roll film. How did he make this camera/photography accessible to the public? He made it so all you had to do was to press a button.

What is Edwin Land best known for? What company did he establish?
He patented polarized light filters and invented instant photography, he founded Polaroid Corporation.

Post a photo of the first Polaroid camera.
How long did the first Polaroid camera take to produce a photo?
It took 60seconds
What was Eadweard Muybridge known for?
He used multiple cameras to capture motion.

Post a photo of the Zoopraxiscope.
What is the Zoopraxiscope?
It could project a series of images in successive phases in motion

Post a photo of Muybridge's horse in motion.
How did Muybridge settle the debate and photograph a horse in motion?

He used a series of large cameras placed in a line each being triggered by a thread as a horse passed by.


In 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera allowed this?Allowed individual images to be captured and stored on a single film reel.

Post a photo of a motion picture projector.
What is a motion picture projector?
It is a picture projector that shines a light through the film to magnify the moving picture on the screen.

"The Linotype Machine | 1886 AD"

Who is credited with the invention of the typewriter? 
James O. Clephane
What is a "stenographer"?

People who used typewriters

Post an example of Shole's typewriter.
Why did Sholes send a prototype of his typewriter to Clephane?
So that it could be tested.
After the typewriter began production, why did Clephane pursue another machine?
It took to long to type and copy the words with the type writer.

Who spent a year redesigning Clephane's typesetting machine?
Ottmar Mergenthaler redesigned the machine

What is meant by "typesetting"?



Type that comes from an entire line at once.

Post an example of Linotype Machine.
How does the Linotype Machine differ from the typewriter?
It allows type to be set mechanically rather than by hand.


How did this machine change the newspaper industry?
It allowed operators to set type for more pages than before.

Post an example of a Linotype keyboard.
How did the keyboard of the Linotype Machine differ from keyboards that we use today?
It had a set of keys for uppercase and a set for lowercase and a set for punctuation and digits.

Post an example of a Linotype slug.
What is a slug?
A piece of mold that is a assembled line of type.

Post an example of a person operating a Linotype Machine.
Why is the Linotype Machine the greatest advanced in printing since movable type?
It allows people to make newspapers and such to be made faster than before.

Research and Inspiration A15

Illuminated Manuscript

Song
Californication By Red Hot Chili Peppers

Lyrics
Psychic spies from China
Try to steal your mind's elation
Little girls from Sweden
Dream of silver screen quotations
And if you want these kind of dreams
It's Californication

It's the edge of the world
And all of western civilization
The sun may rise in the East
At least it settles in the final location
It's understood that Hollywood
sells Californication

Pay your surgeon very well
To break the spell of aging
Celebrity skin is this your chin
Or is that war your waging




Meaning
Psychic spies from China
Try to steal your mind's elation
These 2 lines are talking about stealing peoples elation "great happiness".
Imagine a girl from China watching tv she really isn't getting happiness from watching tv,but the next day she will be able to talk with her friends about the show making her feel happy.


Little girls from Sweden
Dream of silver screen quotations
Like above, but the little girl is learning that the ideal life is one of an actor.


And if you want these kind of dreams
It's Californication
Into to the rest of the song


It's the edge of the world
And all of western civilization
Referencing to where the song is taking place, its talking about how everyone lives to be noticed now


The sun may rise in the East
At least it settles in the final location
The final location is Hollywood the first is where civilization started "greece or east" Also how the sunset is doing down and theres the cowboy and such.


It's understood that Hollywood
sells Californication
Direct reference to Hollywood


Pay your surgeon very well
To break the spell of aging
People hate aging, but most cant afford it so the lines are referencing to all the plastic surgeries celebrities get because of all the money they have