Podcast #4 Typography

Define typography?
The art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces.
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
From the late 18th and 19th centuries as a break from traditional typography.
What does typography involve?
A sharp contrast between thick and think strokes and have thin,flat serifs.
What is a typeface?
Its creating and modifying type using a variety of illustration techniques.
What is another term for typeface?
Fonts
What is a character?
Individual symbols that make up a typeface.
What is type style?
Modifications to a typeface that create design variety while maintaining the visual style of a typeface.
What does type style "create" within a design?
bold,italic,condensed,roman,heavy.
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
A imaginary line at the middle of the characters.
What is a base line and what does it indicate?
A imaginary line at the bottom of characters.
What is an ascender?
The part of a character that extends above the waist line.
What is a descender?
The part of a character that extends below the base line.
Describe a serif?
A small line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character.
How can the size of the typeface be identified?
The top and bottom of a character.
What is a point?
The vertical measurement used to identify the size of a typeface.
How many points are in an inch?
72
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
The point size measured in a unit.
How many points are in a pica?
12
What is body type and where can it be found?
Type sizes that range from 4 pt to 12 pt type. These are found where there is a lot of text.
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
That it is a different font,bold,and different size.
What is display type and how is it used?
Type sizes above 12 pt. Typically these are used to draw attention to a message.
What is reverse type and when would it be used?
Consistes of white type on a solid black or darker color background. This helps the reader if the text is to small.
What is a typeface classification?
A basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century to identify printers own work.
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
Mid 1400s, it is used for official documents like diplomas or certificates.
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
It resembles calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes.
When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?
Mid 1400s, it was based on ancient Roman inscriptions.
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
It has wedge-shaped, angled serifs and a low contrast of their think/thin strokes.
When were formal scripts developed?
It was developed in the 17th and 18th century.
When were casual scripts developed?
They were developed in the 20th century.
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
They have varied strokes reminiscent of handwriting.
When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
It was developed in the late 18th and 19th centuries, and was to break from traditional typography.
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
It has a sharp contrast between think and thin strokes and have thin,flat serifs.
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
They can be found in the 5th century, the Italian Renaissance make it obsolete.
When did they become popular?
They became popular in the 1920s.
What does "sans serif" mean?
It means without serifs.
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
The strokes are uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance.
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
It was developed in the 19th century, it was for advertising purposes.
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
It has uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs.
Describe Decorative typefaces?
These typefaces have the most distinctive design style.
Why were they developed?
Were developed for the specific purpose, or theme, in mind.
What are they best used for?
Their best used for larger point sizes, or display type.

Review Week #14

1. The Art Institution
Pittsburgh, PA
Media Art & Animation and Graphic Design


2. Westwood
Atlanta, Georgia
Graphic Design, Multimedia, Animation, Web Design


3. Full Sail
Online
Graphic Design and Animation


4. University of Phoenix
Alpharetta, Ga
Information technology and Visual Communication


5. Rasmussen
Online
Digital Design, Animation and Multimedia Technologies

What is a portfolio?
A display of your work in maybe a binder or a folder.

What is the importance of a portfolio?
It shows people your work quickly and easily.

Review Week #13

Principle of repetition
They used the same black ball
multiple times in a row.

Principle of proportion
The picture makes it look like the bear is
larger than the car.

Principle of balance
The wine bottles are not following
the law of gravity.

Principle of emphasis
The card with the spade stands out.

Principle of unity
Everything in the picture fits together.

Principle of variety
The different colored crayons show variety.

Principle of rhythm
The plants are in a pattern.

Principle of contrast
The two different sides of this picture.

How do you add a layer mask to a particular layer?

You first click the layer you want to add a mask to then on the row where the trash can is theres a button that is a black button with a white sphere that you can use to add a layer mask.

What two colors are used to create the mask?

You can only use black and white.

Describe the process of using a layer mask?

The white you can use to get rid of the picture with the paint brush and the black you can use to make the picture come back that you used white on.

Stephen Kroninger

What kind of art/design does he produce?
He does collages


In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
Hes been in Time magazine

Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...

Was this piece published? Where?

What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?

What elements of design were utilized?

Yes this sample was published, in the The New Yorker. 

Yes this sample was published, in the New York Times

Review Week #12

How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?
You can use different concepts to arrange structural components to your design.
What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?
Principle of Repetition: Repeating an aspect throughout your design.
Proportion/Scale: The size and scale of the elements in your design.
Balance: The distribution of heaviness and lightness in your design.
Unity: The wholeness of your design.
Emphasis: How much stress you put in a area of your design.
Variety: The differences in your design.
Rhythm: The organized movement in your design. 
Contrast: When two related elements are different in your design.

Podcast #3 Principles of Design

Define principles of design?
Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition
What do the principles of design affect?
Affects the expressive content
What is the principle of repetition?
Repeating some aspect or element of the design throughout the entire document
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
Acts a a visual key that ties a piece together
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
bold font,thick lines,color
What should you avoid when working with repetition?
NOt to be to repetitive
What is the principle of proportion/scale?
The relative size and scale of the various elements in a design
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?
The human body
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?
An unusual or unexpected scale
What is the principle of balance?
Distribution of heavy and light elements on a page
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
Large elements look heavies than smaller elements
What is another name for symmetrical balance?
Counter balance
Define symmetrical balance?
occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed
What is another name for asymmetrical balance?
informal balance
Define asymmetrical balance?
occurs when the weight of a composition is not evenly distributed around the axis
What is the principle of emphasis?
stressing of a particular area of focus
What happens to a design that has no focus?
It has to many components
What is a focal point and how is it created?
area where eye tends to go first
How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
one component
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
direction,size,shape
What is the principle of unity?
Is the wholeness of composition
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1.Make things similar

2.Direct vision by a line

3.Putting objects colse to one another

What is the principle of variety?
Pertains to differences and diversity its what makes a work of art interesting
What ways can a designer add variety to a design?
Right balance of design
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?
Wont look good
What is figure?
Form/silhouette or shape
What is another name for figure?
positive space
What is ground?
The surrounding area around a figure
What is another name for ground?
negative space
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?  It doesn't have recognizable matter, the relationship between visual elements

Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
So it all fits together
What is the principle of rhythm?
Continuity, recurrence or organized movement in time and space
How is rhythm achieved?
Achieved through the orderly repetition of any element
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1. Intervals between the elements

2. More organic flowing

3. A sequence of shapes

How does rhythm help a composition/design?
Send a message by controlling the viewers eye movement
What is the principle of contrast?
Occurs when two related elements are different
How can contrast help a design?
Guide the viewer through it
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?
It can be boring or it can be confusing
What is the key to working with contrast?
Make sure the differences are obvious
What are some common ways of creating contrast?
size,value,color,type